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Gugur Bunga
"Gugur Bunga di Taman Bakti" (''The Fallen Flower in the Garden of Devotion''), better known as "Gugur Bunga", is an Indonesian patriotic song written by Ismail Marzuki in 1945. Written to honor the Indonesian soldiers killed during the Indonesian National Revolution, it tells of the death of a soldier, and the singer's feelings. It has since become a common song for protests and funerals. The song's line ''gugur satu, tumbuh seribu'' (one falls, a thousand arise) has entered common Indonesian vernacular.
==Writing==
"Gugur Bunga" was written by Ismail Marzuki in 1945 at the beginning of the Indonesian National Revolution. It was written in honor of the Indonesian soldiers who died fighting the Dutch colonial army.〔 During the war, an estimated 45,000 to 100,000 Indonesians died in combat, with civilian casualties exceeding 25,000, possibly as many as 100,000.〔Friend, Bill personal comment 22 April 2004;
;
Nyoman S. Pendit, ''Bali Berjuang'' (2nd edn Jakarta:Gunung Agung, 1979 (edn 1954 )); Reid (1973), page 58,n.25, page 119,n.7, page 120,n.17, page 148,n.25 and n.37; Pramoedya Anwar Toer, Koesalah Soebagyo Toer and Ediati Kamil ''Kronik Revolusi Indonesia'' (Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, vol. I (1945); vol. II (1946) 1999; vol. III (1947); vol. IV (1948) 2003 ); Ann Stoler, ''Capitalism and Confrontation in Sumatra's Plantation Belt, 1870–1979'' (New Haven:Yale University Press, 1985), p103.; all cited in Vickers (2005), page 100〕
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